Otoacoustic Emissions (OAE) Test

Otoacoustic Emissions (OAE) testing is a quick, painless, and objective hearing assessment used to evaluate the function of the cochlea, particularly the activity and health of the outer hair cells located within the inner ear. These specialized sensory cells play a critical role in amplifying and processing sound vibrations, allowing the brain to accurately perceive and interpret sounds. OAE testing provides valuable information about cochlear function and is widely used for newborn hearing screening, infants, young children, and individuals who may not be able to provide reliable responses during conventional behavioral hearing tests.

During the test, a small, soft probe containing a speaker and microphone is gently placed inside the ear canal. The probe delivers low-level sounds, such as clicks or pure tones, that stimulate the cochlea. In a normally functioning cochlea, healthy outer hair cells respond to this stimulation by creating very faint sounds known as otoacoustic emissions. These emissions travel back through the middle ear and ear canal, where they are detected and measured by the sensitive microphone inside the probe.

How the OAE Test Works

During the test, a small soft probe or foam/rubber tip is gently placed in the ear canal. The probe delivers soft sounds into the ear and a sensitive microphone records the tiny echoes produced by the cochlea.

The test is non-invasive and does not cause pain or discomfort. Children do not necessarily need to be asleep, but they should remain calm and as quiet and still as possible during the assessment to obtain accurate results.

Understanding OAE Results

Absent OAEs: May indicate a possible hearing or middle-ear problem. This can be associated with hearing loss, earwax blockage, fluid or infection in the middle ear, or other conditions affecting the auditory system. Further testing may be recommended to determine the underlying cause.
Present OAEs: Usually indicate that the cochlea’s outer hair cells are functioning appropriately and are generally consistent with normal or near-normal cochlear function.

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